Melbourne Museum of Printing | Our Glossary of Printing and Typography TYPOGRAPHY, LAYOUT, PRE-PRESS |
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SUGGESTION: HOW TO EXPLORE THIS GLOSSARY | |||||||||||||||||||
IF YOU KNOW THE NAME OF A TERM, GO TO THE ALPHABETIC PAGE eg to find PICA choose the Alphabetic Page N-Q. You will find several meanings of this word, and that it is mostly used in TYPE MEASUREMENTS. | |||||||||||||||||||
IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO EXPLORE OTHER TERMS ABOUT TYPE MEASUREMENTS look in the Thematic Glossary about Typecasting and Type Measurements | |||||||||||||||||||
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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THESE DEFINITIONS INCLUDE: | |||
usu = usually | cf = compare with | eg = for example | typic = typically |
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | accent . . . . . . 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
variation in typeface to provide emphasis for a word, paragraph or article | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | air | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
white space: an airy layout | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | alley | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
strip of space between columns etc | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | artwork | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
copy (text, images) prepared for photographic reproduction, eg for blockmaking or photolitho | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | back matter | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
material, such as an appendix, that comes after the main text | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | banner | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
large headline or title usually full width of page | ||
VERB | bleed [off] | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
make an image extend beyond the trim line | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | blueline | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
photographic proof where the type and images are in blue and not suitable for reproduction | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | blurb | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
short description or commentary on an article, book or author | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | body . . . . . . . 2 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
main text of an article, not including headlines | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | broadside | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
work printed on one side of a large sheet of paper. | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | bromide | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
photographic print with black and white but no grey tones | ||
ADJECTIVE | camera ready | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
(of artwork etc) ready for photographic reproduction: finished artwork | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | caps | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
an instruction to set type in all capitals | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | caps and lower case | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
an instruction to set type in capitals and lower case | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | caps and small caps | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
an instruction to set type in capitals and small caps | ||
VERB | centre | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
place text an equal distance from the left and right margins | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | character count | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
tally of characters inc spaces in a piece of copy | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | colour | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
(of text) see typographic colour | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | column centimetre | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
one column by one cm: measure of space, usually for newspaper advertising | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | column inch | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
one column by one inch: measure of space, usually for newspaper advertising | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | column rule . . . 2 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
thin vertical line to separate columns: maybe on-screen or added from a self-adhesive roll | ||
ABBREVIATION | comp . . . . . . . 2 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
comprehensive dummy | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | comprehensive dummy | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
complete mock-up of finished work, complete with type, graphics and colors | ||
VERB | copyfit | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
make a balance between wordage, type size and available space | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | corner marks | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
marks on art, neg or printed sheet to indicate the trim position - same as trim marks | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | crossover | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
same as gutter jump | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | dash style | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
do you require spaces before and after a dash: if so what kind of spaces? | ||
ADJECTIVE | diazo | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
document copy process using a sensitised paper processed with ammonia solution | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | display type | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
larger type used for headings: to catch the eye: commonly 18 to 72pt | ||
ABBREVIATION | DPI | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
dots per inch: resolution spec for computerised output | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | drop cap | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
initial capital that extends through two or three lines | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | drop folio | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
in book with folios at top, where on some pages the folio is moved to the bottom | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | dummy | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
mock-up of a final printed product | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | end matter | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
same as back matter | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | flat | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
[US] negatives, attached to paper carrier, ready for platemaking | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | floating rule | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
rule which approaches other rules without touching or joining | ||
ADVERB | flush left (right) | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
typesetting where each line extends to the left (right) margin but not the other | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | fold marks | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
lines on printed sheet showing where to fold it | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | folio | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
folio number, a posh term for page number | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | font | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
[US] an unfortunate misspelling of fount which came to be pronounced that way | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | footer | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
information printed at the bottom of each page (also running foot) | ||
ADJECTIVE | for position only | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
photos or art at lower definition for placement, to be replaced before printing | ||
ABBREVIATION | FPO | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
for position only | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | front matter | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
material such as title page & contents, that comes before the main text | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | full measure | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
matter set flush to both margins of chosen line measure: "set to full measure" | ||
ADVERB | full out | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
matter set, or justified, with both margins flush to the measure: "set the text full out" | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | gallery camera | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
camera sized for print jobs: copyboard and lens board on rails; film holder built into darkroom | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | GEM | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
Graphic Environment Manager (Digital Research). An early graphical user interface | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | graphic | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
non-text element: sometimes means typesetting other than body text | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | graphic arts | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
craft and profession of producing visible images for reproduction | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | graphic design | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
that part of graphic arts concerned with the impact of the product | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | graphic designer | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
person who designs and specifies the visible details of a graphic product | ||
VERB | greeking . . . . . 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
render characters illegibly in part of layout, to emphasise design not content | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | gutter | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
inner margin of book opening, occurring between left and right pages | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | gutter jump | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
element of layout that continues across the gutter to the opposite page | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | hanging indent | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
paragraph style where all lines after the first are indented | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | hanging punctuation | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
paragraph style where points at end of flush-right line hang outside margin | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | head (margin) | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
margin at top of page | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | header | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
information that appears at top of every page (also running head) | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | house style | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
standard of layout, punctuation, grammar, etc. within one organisation | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | imposition | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
arrangement of multiple pages on sheet to appear in correct position for folding | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | imprint . . . . . 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
details of publishing etc within a document: sometimes required by law | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | indent | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
space at beginning of first line of para: often a one-em indent | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | indention | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
shortened form of indentation | ||
VERB | italicise . . . . 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
put one or more words into an italic typeface to emphasise it | ||
ADVERB | italics | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
'in italics' means typeset in an italic face | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | jaggies | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
stepped effect on diagonal lines seen in low-resolution screens or printouts | ||
ADJECTIVE | justified loose | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
a line with more slack which when justified has wide interword spaces | ||
ADJECTIVE | justified tight | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
a line with less slack which when justified has small interword spaces | ||
ADJECTIVE | landscape | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
format of page or item where width is greater than height: opp portrait | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | layout | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
sketch of printed work showing position of items and giving general instructions | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | leading [ledding]. 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
space added between lines:line space over and above typeface size | ||
VERB | letter space . . . 1 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
add space between letters: needed for loose justified lines: may be automatic | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | lineup table . . . 2 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
glass top table with lights to prepare and check pasteups and negs | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | margin | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
white space between text block and page edge, or between text blocks | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | mask . . . . . . . 1 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
opaque material (paper, tape, paint) to block off area of negative | ||
VERB | mask . . . . . . . 2 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
use opaque material on negative, making that area print as white | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | measure . . . . . 2 | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
width of a text block | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | mechanical [US] | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
camera-ready assembly of type and other images [for mechanical reproduction] | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | orphan | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
a solitary first line of para at the bottom of a column or page, with rest of para carried over | ||
BRAND NAME | Ozalid | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
brand of diazo process often used for making proofs of line art and text | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | pagination | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
putting of matter into pages: placing of numbers on pages | ||
VERB | paste up . . . . . 1 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
adhere to a layout or mounting board by paste, glue or usu adhesive wax | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | paste up . . . . . 2 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
artwork prepared from type, illustrations, etc, pasted/adhered to layout sheet | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | paste up . . . . . 3 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
in some colonies called a mechanical: includes overlays where needed | ||
ADJECTIVE | portrait | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
type block or image having height greater than width | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | positive . . . . . 1 | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
film or print with image-bearing area in black, non-image white or clear | ||
BRAND NAME | PostScript | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
Adobe Systems' widely accepted system for defining and outputting text and images | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | prepress | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
converting ideas and images into negatives and plates for printing | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | printer spread | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
pages laid out in the way they will appear on the printing plate - cf reader spread | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | process camera | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
large camera to make full-size negative from artwork:may enlarge or reduce | ||
ADVERB | ragged right | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
lines that line up on the left but are unequal on the right | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | raised capital | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
first letter set in larger size than rest of para and lined up at baseline | ||
EQUIVALENT TERM | ranged left | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
same as flush left: same as ragged right | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | reader spread | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
pages laid out in pairs the way a reader will see them: useful in mock-ups - cf printer spread | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | recto page | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
right-hand page of a book, usu even numbered - cf verso | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | reducing glass | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
opposite of magnifying glass: enables designer to visualise reduced form of an oversize layout | ||
ADJECTIVE | reverse reading | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
any object, whether positive or negative, whose image is laterally reversed | ||
VERB | reverse [out] | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
alter an image so black areas become white and white black | ||
ADJECTIVE | right reading | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
matrix is right reading: type is reverse reading: printed item is right reading | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | running foot | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
line of information repeated below the text from page to page | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | running head | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
line of info, folio, etc repeated above text from page to page | ||
VERB | set solid | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
set type with no added line spacing | ||
VERB | strip | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
correct film-negs, assemble negs in exact register into a flat for platemaking | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | strippable emulsion | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
special neg material whose emulsion can be stripped out and replaced for errors | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | style | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
copyediting rules: publisher's style, printer's style, style for one publication | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | tabloid | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
page size of newspaper: half broadsheet sizea page half the size of a broadsheet | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | tabular setting | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
text set out in the form of a table: each column must be justified | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | text | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
the written material, usu in paragraph form, making up the bulk of a document | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | text type | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
typeface used for the main text of written material | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | trim line | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
a line in the layout where a guillotine cut is to be made after printing - may be visible or not | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | trim marks | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
marks towards the edge of the sheets showing the guillo operator where the invisible trim line is | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | type page | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
the area of a layout that includes all printed elements but not the margin | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | typographer | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
'writer with types' (Greek words): textual design specialist | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | typographic color | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
appearance of text, as a block on the page, as to darkness and evenness | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | typography . . . . 1 | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
'writing with types': art of typesetting and printing | ||
NOUN, UNCOUNTABLE | typography . . . . 2 | TYPOGRAPHY - GENERALITIES |
the art of planning text area of a document, or of typesetting the text using good design | ||
ABBREVIATION | u & lc | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
upper and lower case | ||
BRAND NAME | Velox | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
high-contrast positive photopaper, used for process bromides | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | verso page | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
a left-hand page of a book, usu even numbered - cf recto | ||
VERB | vertically justify | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
adjust vertical spacing of column of page to match its peers | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | widow | LAYOUT AND DESIGN |
the solitary last line of a para forced onto next column or page - cf orphan | ||
NOUN, COUNTABLE | window | PRE PRESS, COMPUTER LAYOUT |
blank (still clear) area on neg which will later have image stripped in | ||
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